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Azure Automation: Runbooks, Configuration Management and Updates

What Is Azure Automation? 

Azure Automation is the service in the Azure cloud that lets you automate frequently performed, time-consuming, and error-prone cloud management tasks. Azure Automation delivers a cloud-based automation and configuration service that supports consistent management across your Azure and non-Azure environments. It comprises process automation, update management, and configuration features to help you manage your deployments, regardless of where they are.

This service provides more than just scripts and workflows. Azure Automation provides capabilities such as complete deployment handling, interconnection with other Azure services, and a highly-scalable and reliable workflow execution engine. This powerful tool can manage not just Azure resources, but also those in other public clouds and on-premises, offering a consistent management layer.

Azure Automation is not just a standalone tool, but a suite of different components that work together to provide a comprehensive automation solution. These components are the fundamental building blocks of Azure’s automation offering, each serving a specific role in the automation process.

This is part of an extensive series of guides about CI/CD.

In this article:

Azure Automation Components 

Runbooks

In Azure Automation, Runbooks are the heart of the automation process. A Runbook is a set of tasks that perform some automated process in Azure Automation. This process can range from a simple task, such as starting a virtual machine, to a complex operation, such as deploying a multi-tier application infrastructure.

Runbooks in Azure Automation are based on Windows PowerShell or PowerShell Workflow. They let you use the powerful capabilities of these scripting languages to author complex automation processes. Moreover, the platform provides numerous pre-built Runbooks, ready for use, and you can import or create your own depending on your needs.

Configuration Management

Configuration management in Azure Automation is all about maintaining a consistent state for your resources, regardless of their location. With the Azure Automation State Configuration feature, you can manage and monitor configurations for both Linux and Windows machines.

This component enables you to use PowerShell Desired State Configuration (DSC) to manage the state of your resources. DSC is a management platform in PowerShell that enables you to manage your IT and development infrastructure with configuration as code.

Update Management

Azure Automation Update Management provides a way to manage updates for your Windows and Linux machines (whether virtual or physical) in Azure, on-premises environments, and other cloud providers. You can quickly assess the status of available updates on all agent computers and manage the process of installing required updates for servers.

Update Management in Azure Automation allows you to manage updates and patches for your machines, with the ability to schedule installation of updates, and review deployment results after installing updates.

Common Use Cases for Azure Automation 

Cloud Maintenance Tasks

Regular maintenance tasks are a necessity for the smooth operation of any IT environment. Azure Automation allows you to automate these tasks, saving time and ensuring consistency. With Azure Automation, you can schedule tasks to run at specific times or when specific conditions are met. For example, you could automate the process of starting and stopping virtual machines, to avoid wasting resources when they are not in use.

Patching Azure VMs

Patching is an essential task to ensure the security and functionality of Azure Virtual Machines (VMs). Azure Automation makes this process simpler and more efficient. With Azure Automation, you can automatically apply patches to VMs as soon as they are available. This not only saves time, but also improves your Azure security posture.

Deploying Updates Across Environments

Deploying updates across multiple environments can be a complex and time-consuming process. With Azure Automation, you can automate this process, ensuring that updates are applied consistently across all environments. For example, you can create automation runbooks that deploy updates to development, testing, and production environments, taking into account the different resources and configuration of each one.

Configuration Management Across Hybrid Clouds

Managing configurations across hybrid clouds can be a challenge. Azure Automation provides a solution with its Desired State Configuration (DSC) feature. With DSC, you can define the desired state of resources, and Azure Automation will ensure that these resources are in the specified state. This not only makes configuration management easier, but also ensures that configurations are consistent across the hybrid cloud environment.

Advanced Scheduling of Azure Operations

Azure Automation allows you to schedule operations to run at specific times or when specific conditions are met. This makes it possible to automate tasks that need to be performed at specific times, such as database backups or report generation. You can also set up automation to trigger when specific conditions are met, such as when CPU usage exceeds a certain threshold.

Other Automation Tools and Services in Azure 

Beyond the Azure Automation service, Azure provides multiple tools and services that help you automate your cloud operations.

Azure Resource Manager (ARM)

Azure Resource Manager (ARM) is an infrastructure as code (IaC) engine that can automate any resource in the Azure environment. ARM templates are JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) files that define one or more resources to deploy to a resource group or subscription. These templates can be used to deploy the resources consistently and repeatedly.

ARM templates are a great way to automate Azure deployments. They can encapsulate and parameterize the infrastructure for your application, allowing you to deploy it multiple times in a consistent state.

Azure Blueprints

Azure Blueprints is a declarative way of orchestrating the deployment of various resource templates and other artifacts like Role Assignments, Policy Assignments, etc. With Azure Blueprints, the relationship between the build of Azure environment and the Azure DevOps pipelines is much closer, providing a level of integration and visibility that wasn’t possible before.

Azure Automanage

Azure Automanage is a service that automates several aspects of managing virtual machines (VMs). These operations include VM best practices, backups, updates, monitoring, and security. With Automanage, Azure takes care of these routine tasks for VMs.

Azure Functions

Azure Functions is a serverless compute service that lets you run event-triggered code without having to explicitly provision or manage infrastructure. It can be integrated with other Azure services to create event-driven applications and automate workflows.

Azure Logic Apps

Azure Logic Apps is a cloud service that helps you schedule, automate, and orchestrate tasks, business processes, and workflows when you need to integrate apps, data, systems, and services across enterprises or organizations. It provides a way to simplify and implement scalable integrations and workflows in the cloud.

Azure Autoscaling

Azure Autoscaling is a feature that provides on-demand scalability to handle spikes in traffic and reduce costs during off-peak times. It automatically adds more cloud resources (such as VMs), or shuts down cloud resources, to adapt to current loads. Autoscaling can be set up on a schedule or respond to a set of defined rules to scale your applications automatically.

Tips for Effective Automation in Azure 

1. Use IaC Templates

Infrastructure as code (Iac) templates, managed by Azure Resource Management, are a powerful capability that allows you to define a standard set of configurations for cloud resources. With templates, you can ensure that your resources are always configured consistently and according to best practices.

Learn more in our detailed guide to Azure IaC (coming soon)

2. Implement Version Control

Version control is an essential practice for any automation initiative. Use version control to track any changes to your automation scripts and runbooks in Azure Automate or other Azure automation systems. This provides a history of changes, making it easier to troubleshoot issues and revert to a previous version if necessary.

3. Modularize Your Scripts

Modularizing scripts makes them more manageable and reusable. With Azure Automation, you can create modular scripts that perform specific tasks, and then combine these scripts to create complex automation workflows. This not only makes automation more efficient, but also makes it easier to maintain and update scripts.

4. Test Regularly

After setting up automation in Azure, don’t assume it is working properly. Run tests to ensure that automation scripts, playbooks, or templates are functioning as expected. You can set up periodic, automated tests and send notifications if any issues are detected, allowing teams to quickly address any issues.

5. Secure Your Automation

Security is a paramount concern when automating tasks. Azure Automation and related Azure services provide a number of features to help secure automation, including role-based access control (RBAC), encryption of sensitive data, and auditing of automation activities. These features ensure that your automation is secure and compliant with the organization’s policies.

6. Optimize for Cost

Azure Automation provides a number of features to help optimize costs. For example, you can automate the process of starting and stopping VMs, ensuring that you only pay for the resources you’re using. You can also use Azure Automation to monitor resource usage and alert you when usage exceeds a certain threshold, making it possible to proactively manage costs.

Taking Azure Automation to the Next Level with Spot by NetApp

With Spot by NetApp’s suite of solutions, you can continuously optimize and automate your Azure infrastructure to deliver your cloud applications at scale. Learn more about Spot by NetApp’s solutions for Microsoft Azure.

See Additional Guides on Key CI/CD Topics

Together with our content partners, we have authored in-depth guides on several other topics that can also be useful as you explore the world of CI/CD.

ML testing

Authored by Kolena

Software Deployment

Authored by Codefresh

Code Visualization

Authored by CodeSee